doc-en/par-annoterschema-en.tex

   1 \section{Adding dimensions to the scenery}
   2
   3 It is very interesting to add  \Index{dimensions} to the scenery. We take the example
   4 of the methane molecule, where we want to insert the distances and angles.
   5
   6 The first step consists of representing the molecule with its bonds and
   7 characteristic dimensions, and then draw it in a good looking way.
   8
   9 \begin{center}
  10 \begin{pspicture}(-4,-4)(4,5)
  11 \psset{viewpoint=100 50 20 rtp2xyz,Decran=30,RotY=-30}
  12 {\psset{lightintensity=1,linewidth=0.5\pslinewidth}
  13 \psframe(-4,-4)(4,5)
  14 \codejps{
  15   /L1 {
  16      0 0.25 10.93  [8 6] newcylindre
  17      {-90 0 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform
  18       dup (White) outputcolors
  19    } def
  20 /L2 { L1 {0 0 -109.5 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  21 /L3 { L2 {0 -120 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  22 /L4 { L2 {0 120 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  23 /L12 { L1 L2 solidfuz} def
  24 /L123 { L12 L3 solidfuz} def
  25 /Liaisons { L123 L4 solidfuz} def
  26   Liaisons  drawsolid**}}
  27 \psPoint(0,10.93,0){H1}
  28 \psPoint(10.3,-3.64,0){H2}
  29 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,8.924){H3}
  30 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,-8.924){H4}
  31 \uput[0](H1){$\mathrm{H_1}$}
  32 \uput[l](H2){$\mathrm{H_2}$}
  33 \uput[u](H3){$\mathrm{H_3}$}
  34 \uput[d](H4){$\mathrm{H_4}$}
  35 \pcline[offset=0.25]{|-|}(H2)(H3)
  36 \pcline[offset=0.25]{<->}(H2)(H3)
  37 \aput{:U}{17,8 pm}
  38 \pcline[offset=0.15]{|-|}(H2)(O)
  39 \pcline[offset=0.15]{<->}(H2)(O)
  40 \aput{:U}{10,93 pm}
  41 \axesIIID(3,3,3)(14,16,14)
  42 \pspolygon[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H1)(H2)(H3)
  43 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H1)
  44 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H2)
  45 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H3)
  46 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H4)(O)
  47 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H3)(O)
  48 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H2)(O)
  49 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H1)(O)
  50 \pstMarkAngle[arrows=<->]{H1}{O}{H3}{\small 109,5$^{\mathrm{o}}$}
  51 \end{pspicture}
  52 \hfill
  53 \begin{pspicture}(-4,-4)(4,5)
  54 \psset{lightsrc=50 50 10,lightintensity=1,viewpoint=100 50 20 rtp2xyz,Decran=30,RotY=-30}
  55 {%
  56 \psset{linewidth=0.5\pslinewidth}
  57 \psframe(-4,-4)(4,5)
  58 \codejps{
  59  /H1 {2  [18 16] newsphere
  60  {-90 0 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform
  61  {0 10.93 0 translatepoint3d} solidtransform
  62  dup (White) outputcolors} def
  63   /L1 {
  64      0 0.25 10  [12 10] newcylindre
  65      {-90 0 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform
  66       dup (White) outputcolors
  67    } def
  68 /HL1{ H1 L1  solidfuz} def
  69 /HL2 { HL1 {0 0 -109.5 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  70 /HL3 { HL2 {0 -120 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  71 /HL4 { HL2 {0 120 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform } def
  72  /C {3  [18 16] newsphere
  73   {90 0 0 rotateOpoint3d} solidtransform
  74    dup (gris) outputcolors} def
  75 /HL12 { HL1 HL2 solidfuz} def
  76 /HL123 { HL12 HL3 solidfuz} def
  77 /HL1234 { HL123 HL4 solidfuz} def
  78 /methane { HL1234 C solidfuz} def
  79   methane  drawsolid**}
  80 \psPoint(0,10.93,0){H1}
  81 \psPoint(10.3,-3.64,0){H2}
  82 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,8.924){H3}
  83 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,-8.924){H4}}%
  84 \axesIIID(3,3,3)(14,16,14)
  85 \pspolygon[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H1)(H2)(H3)
  86 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H1)
  87 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H2)
  88 \psline[linestyle=dashed,linecolor=red](H4)(H3)
  89 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H4)(O)
  90 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H3)(O)
  91 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H2)(O)
  92 \psline[linestyle=dotted,linecolor=red](H1)(O)
  93 \end{pspicture}
  94 \end{center}
  95
  96 The construction of the molecule is detailed in the document
  97 \texttt{molecules.tex}. To add a dimensioning you only need to find
  98 the vertices of the tetrahedron:
  99 \begin{verbatim}
 100 \psPoint(0,10.93,0){H1}
 101 \psPoint(10.3,-3.64,0){H2}
 102 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,8.924){H3}
 103 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,-8.924){H4}
 104 \end{verbatim}
 105 and then use the power of the package \texttt{pst-node}. For the distances:
 106 \begin{verbatim}
 107 \pcline[offset=0.25]{<->}(H2)(H3)
 108 \aput{:U}{17,8 pm}
 109 \pcline[offset=0.15]{<->}(H2)(O)
 110 \aput{:U}{10,93 pm}
 111 \psPoint(-5.15,-3.64,-8.924){H4}
 112 \end{verbatim}
 113 Then, for the angles, we take help from the package \texttt{pst-eucl}
 114 \begin{verbatim}
 115 \pstMarkAngle[arrows=<->]{H1}{O}{H3}{\small 109,5$^{\mathrm{o}}$}
 116 \end{verbatim}
 117
 118 \endinput
 119